Learn how to discuss the past
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Kellie: Hi everyone, and welcome back to DutchPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 22 - Sharing Knowledge in the Netherlands. Kellie Here. |
| Jacob: Hallo I'm Jacob. |
| Kellie: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to discuss the past. The conversation takes place in a cafe.. |
| Jacob: It's between a Newscaster and Lukas. |
| Kellie: The speakers have a professional relationship, so they’ll use formal Dutch. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Lukas: Mag ik u wat vragen stellen over de veranderingen in de nieuwspresentatie in de laatste paar decennia? |
| Nieuwslezer: Ja, natuurlijk. Ik heb het altijd leuk gevonden om me dingen te herinneren en over het verleden te praten. |
| Lukas: Wat is nu de grootste verandering tussen nu en laten we zeggen 25 jaar geleden? |
| Nieuwslezer: Dat is een leuke vraag die u hebt gesteld! En het antwoord erop is moeilijk... Ik denk dat de presentatie niet wezenlijk is veranderd, maar tegenwoordig kiezen regisseurs en redacteuren er vaak voor om iets lichtere dingen er tussen door te mengen. In ieder geval meer dan vroeger. |
| Nieuwslezer: Maar natuurlijk heeft de opkomst van computers en andere digitale dingen veel invloed gehad. |
| Lukas: Ja, dat begrijp ik, dus u denkt dat er, los van de veranderingen in de technologie niets wezenlijks is veranderd? |
| Nieuwslezer: Dat zou ik zeggen ja. |
| Kellie: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Lukas: Could I ask you some questions about the changes in presenting news over the last few decades? |
| Newscaster: Well, of course. I have always enjoyed remembering things and talking about the past. |
| Lukas: What is the most important difference between now and, say, 25 years ago? |
| Newscaster: Nice question you asked! And difficult to answer... I think the news presentation hasn't essentially changed, but nowadays directors and editors tend to put in some lighthearted stuff, more than they used to anyway. |
| Newscaster: But of course the development of computers and all other digital things has had a major influence. |
| Lukas: Yes, I understand, so you think that besides the changes in technology, nothing essential has changed? |
| Newscaster: I would say so, yes. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Kellie: Lukas had some interesting questions for the newscaster in this conversation. |
| Jacob: Yes, talking about the past can be interesting if the subject is interesting. |
| Kellie: If it is two people of different generations talking, you can see the generation gap pretty clearly too. |
| Jacob: That’s right. The relationship between different generations in the Netherlands has changed. |
| Kellie: Oh? How? |
| Jacob: Until the 1960s, there was a gap between the generations. Younger people respected their elders. |
| Kellie: Oh, and I guess the younger generation should listen to their elders and do as they’re told too, right? |
| Jacob: Right. That was the way people thought back then. |
| Kellie: And how do people think now? |
| Jacob: Now, most people see respect as a two-way street. It should come from both the younger and the older generations. |
| Kellie: That sounds more equal. |
| Jacob: It is more equal. It makes it easier to relate to people from a different generation too. |
| Kellie: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kellie: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Jacob: verandering [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: change |
| Jacob: verandering[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: verandering [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: nieuwspresentatie [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: news presentation |
| Jacob: nieuwspresentatie[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: nieuwspresentatie [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: herinneren [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: to remember |
| Jacob: herinneren[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: herinneren [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: (een vraag) stellen [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: to ask (a question) |
| Jacob: (een vraag) stellen[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: (een vraag) stellen [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: opkomst [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: rise |
| Jacob: opkomst[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: opkomst [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: (film/nieuws) regisseur [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: (movie/news) director |
| Jacob: (film/nieuws) regisseur[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: (film/nieuws) regisseur [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: invloed [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: influence |
| Jacob: invloed[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: invloed [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Jacob: wezenlijks [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: essential |
| Jacob: wezenlijks[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: wezenlijks [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: And lastly.. |
| Jacob: los van [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: apart from |
| Jacob: los van[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: los van [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Kellie: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Jacob: nieuwspresentatie |
| Kellie: meaning "news presentation" |
| Kellie: What can you tell us about this? |
| Jacob: Nieuws means “news”. It can also be used in the sentence En nog iets nieuws? |
| Kellie: Meaning “And anything new?” |
| Jacob: ...but a common use of this word is for news. Nieuwspresentatie means “news presentation”, although it is a little old fashioned. |
| Kellie: Is there another phrase that isn’t so old fashioned? |
| Jacob: In common speech, people often say het nieuws, which just means “the news”. |
| Kellie: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Jacob: Sure. For example, you can say.. De nieuwspresentatie is in de laatste jaren heel sterk veranderd. |
| Kellie: ..which means "The news presentation has dramatically changed in the last few years.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Jacob: wezenlijks |
| Kellie: meaning "essentially" |
| Kellie: What can you tell us about this? |
| Jacob: wezenlijk, without the “s” means “especially”. Wezenlijks is not an official spelling, but means the same. |
| Kellie: How do you use it? |
| Jacob: You can use it to describe what the real essence of a certain thing is. |
| Kellie: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Jacob: Sure. For example, you can say.. Ja, het systeem is iets veranderd, maar er is in wezenlijk niets nieuw. |
| Kellie: .. which means "Yes, the system has changed, but there is essentially nothing new." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Jacob: los van |
| Kellie: meaning "besides " |
| Kellie: What can you tell us about this? |
| Jacob: This can be used as an introduction, at the beginning of a sentence. |
| Kellie: Is it only used at the beginning? |
| Jacob: No, it can also be used at the end of a sentence too. |
| Kellie: Is there anything else we should know about this? |
| Jacob: The grammar is a little strange, it’s not wrong, but just funny. |
| Kellie: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Jacob: Sure. For example, you can say.. Los van het weer, is Nederland een leuk land. |
| Kellie: .. which means "Besides the weather, Holland is a nice country." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kellie: In this lesson, you'll learn how to discuss the past. |
| Kellie: First, let’s review the past tense in Dutch. |
| Jacob: There are three common past tenses. They are Onvoltooid verleden tijd. |
| Kellie: The “simple past”, which is used to show that something started and finished in the past. |
| Jacob: Voltooid tegenwoordige tijd |
| Kellie: The “present perfect”, used to explain something happened in the past and is finished now. |
| Jacob: And Voltooid verleden tijd |
| Kellie: The “past perfect”, used to show that one event in the past happened before another. |
| Jacob: Right. For example. An onvoltooid verleden tijd sentence would be Verleden jaar reisde ik naar Japan. |
| Kellie: “Last year, I travelled to Japan.” |
| Jacob: A Voltooid tegenwoordige tijd sentence is Ik heb die film al tien keer gezien. |
| Kellie: “I have already seen that movie ten times.” |
| Jacob: And a voltooid verleden tijd sentence is Toen ik vanochtend naar kantoor ging, had het al gesneeuwd. |
| Kellie: “It had already snowed when I started off to the office this morning.” There are more examples in the lesson notes. Let’s move on to look at some adjectives - these are words used to describe nouns. |
| Jacob: Right. An example is Zij is een zeer luchthartige vrouw. |
| Kellie: “She’s a very light-hearted woman.” Can you give us an example using “heavy”? |
| Jacob: Dat is stevig spul in die band. |
| Kellie: “There’s some heavy-duty stuff in that band.” And finally, let’s look at some expressions related to time. |
| Jacob: There are lots of different ways to express time. For example, you can say Dat is eeuwen geleden gebeurd. |
| Kellie: Which means “that happened ages ago,” and also means “a very long time ago.” |
| Jacob: You can exaggerate using time expressions. |
| Kellie: Can you give us an example of that? |
| Jacob: You can say Toen ik nog student was, ja weet ik 180 jaar geleden. |
| Kellie: That literally means “When I was still a student, yes, I know about 180 years ago.” but you’re really saying it happened when you were young and that it was a long time ago. |
| Jacob: Yes. You can be very creative with time expressions. |
| Kellie: Yes, you can! |
Outro |
| Kellie: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Jacob: Tot ziens! |
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