Learn how to give orders or advice
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gabriella: Hi everyone, Gabriella here! Welcome to DutchPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Season 1, Lesson 8 - Getting Lectured in Dutch. |
| Jacob: HALLO! I'm Jacob. In this lesson, you’ll learn how to give orders or advice in Dutch. |
| Gabriella: This conversation takes place at home. Jaap and his daughter Liza will be using informal Dutch. |
| Jacob: Okay. Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Jaap: Liza, heb je je huiswerk af? |
| Liza: Nee, en ik ga nu televisie kijken. |
| Jaap: Liza, je moet eerst je huiswerk maken! |
| Liza: Ik heb daar geen zin in. Ik moet vanmiddag ook al naar de tandarts. |
| Jaap: Haal je handen uit je zakken en kijk mij aan als ik tegen je praat! |
| Liza: Nee! |
| Jaap: Je cijfers zijn slecht de laatste tijd. Je moet beter je best doen! |
| Liza: Het maakt mij niets uit! |
| Jaap: Je zou beter moeten studeren! |
| Gabriella: Let's hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Jaap: Liza, heb je je huiswerk af? |
| Liza: Nee, en ik ga nu televisie kijken. |
| Jaap: Liza, je moet eerst je huiswerk maken! |
| Liza: Ik heb daar geen zin in. Ik moet vanmiddag ook al naar de tandarts. |
| Jaap: Haal je handen uit je zakken en kijk mij aan als ik tegen je praat! |
| Liza: Nee! |
| Jaap: Je cijfers zijn slecht de laatste tijd. Je moet beter je best doen! |
| Liza: Het maakt mij niets uit! |
| Jaap: Je zou beter moeten studeren! |
| Gabriella: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| Jaap: Liza, heb je je huiswerk af? |
| Gabriella: Liza, did you finish your homework? |
| Liza: Nee, en ik ga nu televisie kijken. |
| Gabriella: No, and I'm going to watch television now. |
| Jaap: Liza, je moet eerst je huiswerk maken! |
| Gabriella: Liza, you must do your homework first! |
| Liza: Ik heb daar geen zin in. Ik moet vanmiddag ook al naar de tandarts. |
| Gabriella: I don't feel like doing my homework. I have to go to the dentist this afternoon as well. |
| Jaap: Haal je handen uit je zakken en kijk mij aan als ik tegen je praat! |
| Gabriella: Get your hands out of your pockets and look at me when I'm talking to you! |
| Liza: Nee! |
| Gabriella: No! |
| Jaap: Je cijfers zijn slecht de laatste tijd. Je moet beter je best doen! |
| Gabriella: Your grades are bad lately. You must try harder! |
| Liza: Het maakt mij niets uit! |
| Gabriella: I don't care! |
| Jaap: Je zou beter moeten studeren! |
| Gabriella: You'd better study! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jacob: So let’s talk about Jaap’s reaction to Liza standing with her hands in her pockets... |
| Gabriella: … Keeping your hands in your pockets when speaking to someone may be perceived as very casual or informal, |
| Jacob: and here it shows Liza’s ‘I-don’t-care-what-you-say’ attitude! |
| Gabriella: Learning the Dutch language also means understanding basic gestures and body language. |
| Jacob: Absolutely. Generally speaking, Dutch people are not very animated, so they don’t use many hand gestures while communicating with others. |
| Gabriella: But of course, we use other gestures and body language to show politeness and sincerity. Host 2, can you tell us the most important ones? |
| Jacob: As a general rule, try to show active involvement while communicating with others, it’s highly appreciated! |
| Gabriella: So please make eye contact while speaking to someone. Looking away or looking to the ground could be considered as a sign of disinterest or lying. |
| Jacob: What else is important to know about Dutch gestures? |
| Gabriella: A firm handshake by both men and women is expected. A soft handshake could be considered as a sign of weakness of character, or as insecure behaviour. |
| Jacob: Okay, those are some good tips, listeners. Now on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jacob: zak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: pocket |
| Jacob: zak [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: zak [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: eerste [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: first |
| Jacob: eerste [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: eerste [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: cijfer [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: grade |
| Jacob: cijfer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: cijfer [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: aankijken [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: to look at |
| Jacob: aankijken [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: aankijken [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: slecht [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: bad |
| Jacob: slecht [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: slecht [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: tandarts [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: dentist |
| Jacob: tandarts [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: tandarts [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: het maakt mij niets uit [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: I don’t care |
| Jacob: het maakt mij niets uit [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: het maakt mij niets uit [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: hand [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: hand |
| Jacob: hand [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: hand [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: de laatste tijd [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: lately |
| Jacob: de laatste tijd [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: de laatste tijd [natural native speed] |
| Jacob: praten [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: to talk |
| Jacob: praten [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Jacob: praten [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gabriella: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Jacob: Jaap is worried about the grades, ‘de cijfers’, of his daughter. |
| Gabriella: The Dutch word ‘cijfer’ doesn’t only mean “grade”, but also... |
| Jacob: …”a digit”; any of the numerals from 0 to 9. |
| Gabriella: Yes, you’re right. Results in school are rated from 1 to 10, so for each exam a student gets a “numeral”, ‘een cijfer’. |
| Jacob: Now let’s have a closer look at the verb ‘aankijken.’ Jaap said ‘kijk mij aan’ - “look at me”, in the dialogue. |
| Gabriella: Yes, Some Dutch verbs consist of a particle and a verb, for example ‘aan+kijken’. These verbs are called ‘composed verbs’. Sometimes the verb and the particle appear in one word, while in other situations, such as the simple present, the verb and the particle are separated. But, no worries, we’ll study these verbs later on. |
| Jacob: For the moment, please have a look at the conjugation. |
| Gabriella: ‘Ik kijk aan’, means ‘i look at’ and if you say “I look at you”, it’s ‘ik kijk jou aan’ |
| Jacob: ‘jij kijkt aan’.... is “You look at” |
| Gabriella: ‘hij kijkt aan’... “He looks at” |
| Jacob: wij kijken aan... jullie kijken aan... zij kijken aan... |
| Gabriella: which is “We look at”... “you plural look at”... “they look at”. |
| Jacob: Did you notice that the conjugation of the verb ‘kijken’ is regular? Only the particle is separated from the verb. |
| Gabriella: Okay, now on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jacob: In this lesson, we're going to learn how to give orders or advice. |
| Gabriella: Do you remember Jaap ordering his daughter to do her homework first? |
| Jacob: in Dutch - ‘Liza, je moet eerst je huiswerk maken!’ |
| Gabriella: And Liza replied ‘Ik moet vanmiddag ook al naar de tandarts’. |
| Jacob: in English “I have to go to the dentist this afternoon as well”. |
| Gabriella: To give orders or advice, we need to learn the auxiliary verb ‘moeten’. It’s translated as “to have to”, “must”, or “to be advised to”. |
| Jacob: As we saw before, auxiliary verbs can express a variety of meanings. The verb ‘moeten’ expresses obligation or implies an order, command or advice. |
| Gabriella: It’s nice to know that the conjugation is regular, at least for an auxiliary verb! That means that the singular forms are the same, and the plural forms are the same. |
| Jacob: So - ‘Ik moet, jij moet, hij moet...’ |
| Gabriella: “I must, you must, he must” |
| Jacob: And - ‘wij moeten’, ‘jullie moeten’, ‘zij moeten’! |
| Gabriella: “we must, you plural must, they must” |
| Jacob: You see? It’s not that difficult! |
| Gabriella: Now, let’s give you some example sentences, using the various meanings of the verb. |
| Jacob: Okay! We’ll start with a sentence expressing obligation - “you must listen to your father” |
| Gabriella: In Dutch - ‘Je moet naar je vader luisteren’ |
| Jacob: Host 1, please give an example of an order or a command...? |
| Gabriella: The sentence “you must stop immediately”, for example, if the police ask you to do so |
| Jacob: This is translated as - ‘Je moet meteen stoppen’ |
| Gabriella: How about one last example of giving advice. |
| Jacob: Sure! “what an opportunity, you should definitely do it” |
| Gabriella: ...is translated as - ‘wat een kans, je moet het zeker doen!’ |
| Jacob: There you are - three sentences with ‘moeten’, |
| Gabriella: ...expressing obligation, giving orders, and giving advice. |
Outro |
| Gabriella: Okay, that’s it for this lesson. Listeners, don’t forget to check the lesson notes for more phrases! |
| Jacob: Thanks for listening, and see you next time! |
| Gabriella: Tot ziens! |
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